Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord falls through the cervix to the birth canal before the baby does. This complication can occur both during pregnancy and during labor, potentially causing a serious threat to the baby.
The umbilical cord is the baby’s lifeline, so when prolapse happens, it can cut off necessary oxygen and nutrients that the baby needs to survive. Cord prolapse only occurs in about 1 in 300 births, so while it is uncommon, it’s important to understand the causes and treatment options.
Causes of Umbilical Cord Prolapse
Umbilical cord prolapse is most commonly caused by the premature rupture of membranes (PROM), meaning the amniotic sac (commonly referred to as your “water”) breaks before the baby is in position and ready for delivery.
There are also some less common causes, including:
- Hydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)
- Premature delivery
- Multiple babies (twins, triplets, etc.)
- Breech delivery
- Unusually long umbilical cords
What Can I Do If It Happens?
There’s really no way to tell if you’ll be one of the few who has a prolapsed cord. If it does happen, you should be able to feel it and should head to the hospital immediately if you aren’t already there. What to Expect also recommends changing positions:
If it becomes apparent that your baby’s umbilical cord has indeed prolapsed and you are not in the hospital yet, get on your hands and knees to take pressure off the cord. If you notice the cord protruding from your vagina, gently support it with a clean towel.
Doctors can determine if the cord is being trapped or cut off by monitoring the baby’s heart rate and also through pelvic examination. If the baby is affected, his or her heart rate will drop below 120 beats per minute. In this case, the baby is not getting enough oxygen and the doctor will either need to move the baby off the cord or perform an emergency c-section.
If you’re concerned about any pregnancy or delivery complications, browse our Knowledge Center for more info and talk with your experienced women’s physician at All About Women in Gainesville and Lake City, Florida.
We are here to give you the information you need to set your mind at ease!
